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Crystallography. --- Crystallography --- Cristallographie --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Leptology --- Crystallographies --- crystal structure determination --- structural chemistry --- crystal engineering --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy

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This book provides a multidisciplinary perspective (ranging from chemistry to physics and biology) of the current research and applications of Organic and Hybrid Photonic Crystals. The authors detail the chemical and physical tools used to develop organic photonic crystals, explain methods for engineering new nano-structures, and propose novel physical phenomena or technological applications based on such materials. Organic and Hybrid Photonic Crystal lasers, sensors, photovoltaic devices and stimuli responsive devices are discussed.

Materials Science. --- Nanotechnology. --- Crystallography. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Polymers. --- Polymères --- Cristallographie --- Nanotechnologie --- Photonic crystals. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Technology - General --- Materials Science --- Bandgap structures, Photonic --- Photonic bandgap structures --- Materials science. --- Crystal lattices --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Polymers  .

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This book introduces the latest research developments in composite nanomaterials and summarizes the fundamentals and technical approaches in synthesis, fabrication and processing of composite nanomaterials. The author describes the intrinsic relationship between the catalytic properties and the physical and chemical effects in the composite materials, providing for theoretical and technical bases for effectively developing novel electrocatalyts - applications of the nanocomposites in energy conversion areas.

Materials Science. --- Nanotechnology. --- Crystallography. --- Energy Efficiency (incl. Buildings). --- Cristallographie --- Nanotechnologie --- Materials. --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Technology - General --- Materials Science --- Nanostructured materials. --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Materials science. --- Energy efficiency. --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Energy Efficiency. --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Consumption of energy --- Energy efficiency --- Fuel consumption --- Fuel efficiency --- Power resources --- Energy conservation

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In this thesis, the author introduces two strategies used to construct various types of N-heterocycles, based on the chemistry of zirconacycles and 2,6-diazasemibullvalenes. In the first part, the author presents the development of multi-component cyclization of a zirconacyclobutene-silacyclobutene fused compound, nitriles and unsaturated compounds. These reactions provide synthetically useful methodology for various N-heterocycles such as 3-acyl pyrrole, pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyridazine and dihydropyrroloazepine, which are all difficult to synthesize by other means. The isolation and characterization of the key three-fused-ring Zr/Si-containing intermediates are also described in detail. These results show that the zirconacyclobutene-silacyclobutene fused compound behaves as a “chemical transformer” upon treatment with various substrates via the “coordination-induced skeleton rearrangement” mechanism. In the second part, the author demonstrates the synthesis and isolation of a series of 2,6-diazasemibullvalenes (NSBVs) from the reaction of 1,4-dilithio-1,3-dienes and nitriles, highlighting the significant progress made for the first time in this work: (1) determination of X-ray crystal structure of a substituted 2,6-diazasemibullvalene; (2) measurement of the activation barrier of its rapid intramolecular aza-Cope rearrangement in solution; (3) exploration of several reaction types of NSBV with diverse ring-expansion products and “bowl-shape” or “cage-shape” N-containing polycyclic skeletons; (4) demonstration of the localized structure as the predominant form and the homoaromatic delocalized structure as a minor component in the equilibrium using theoretical analysis. Based on well-founded results, this work sheds new light on this controversial topic.

Chemistry. --- Organometallic Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Crystallography. --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chimie --- Chimie organique --- Cristallographie --- Metal complexes. --- Organometallic chemistry -- Research. --- Organometallic compounds. --- Polymers. --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Organic Chemistry --- Metallo-organic compounds --- Metalloids, Organic --- Metalorganic compounds --- Organometalloids --- Organometallic chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Organic compounds --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Organic chemistry --- Organometallic chemistry . --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry, Organometallic --- Metallo-organic chemistry

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The book is focused on constitutive description of mechanical behaviour of engineering materials: both conventional (polycrystalline homogeneous isotropic or anisotropic metallic materials) and non-conventional (heterogeneous multicomponent anisotropic composite materials). Effective material properties at the macro-level depend on both the material microstructure (originally isotropic or anisotropic) as well as dissipative phenomena occurred on fabrication and consecutive loading phase (hardening) resulting in irreversible microstructure changes (acquired anisotropy). The material symmetry is a background and anisotropy is a core around which the book is formed. In this way a revision of classical rules of enhanced constitutive description of materials is required.

Materials Science. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials. --- Crystallography. --- Materials. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Cristallographie --- Matériaux --- Surfaces (Physique) --- Anisotropy. --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Anisotropic crystals --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Materials --- Materials science. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Mechanics of continua --- Elasticity --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Field theory (Physics) --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Material science --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Crystallography --- Matter --- Properties --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology)